Financial Advisor

Monday, December 7, 2009

USD follows through stronger without support from risk aversion. More to come?

JPY pushes back against selling onslaught after last week's collapse.US Treasury Auction this week.



MAJOR HEADLINES – PREVIOUS SESSION

  • New Zealand QV House Prices rose 1.0% YoY vs. +0.2% in Oct.
  • Australia Nov. AiG Performance of Construction Index out at 47.6 vs. 50.9 in Oct.
  • Norway Oct. Industrial Production fell -4.9% YoY vs. -1.2% in Sep.
  • Norway Oct. Industrial Product Manufacturing fell -5.3% YoY vs. -3.0% expected and -4.4% in Sep.
  • Germany Oct. Factory Orders fell -8.5% YoY vs. -6.2% expected and -12.8% in Sep.
  • Canada Oct. Building Permits rose +18.0% MoM vs. 1.0% expected


THEMES TO WATCH – UPCOMING SESSION

(All times GMT)
  • US Fed’s Bernanke to Speak at Economic Club of Washington (1700)
  • Australia Q1 Manpower Survey (1901)
  • US Oct. Consumer Credit (2000)
  • New Zealand Q3 Manufacturing Activity (2145)
  • US Fed’s Dudley to Speak (2245)
  • Japan Oct. Current Account Total (2350)
  • Japan Nov. Bank Lending (2350)
  • UK Nov. BRC Retail Sales Monitor (0001)
  • Australia Nov. NAB Business Conditions (0030)
  • Australia Q3 Current Account Balance (0030)
  • Japan Oct. Leading Index (0500)

Market Comments:
With today's follow up move stronger for the greenback, many are mulling the prospect of the end of the old knee-jerk correlation of the USD with risk appetite and whether we should be looking for a new paradigm in FX. It is far too early to tell, but certainly, the shocking improvement in the US employment data has been in important stress test here in the short term. For the USD to continue stronger here without the support of risk aversion, we would likely nee to see the following factors come into play:
  • Continued strong improvement in US data. This almost without saying and this development is very much up in the air after the very weak ISM non-manufacturing, which weighs far more heavily in assessing the health of the US economy than does the jobs report, in our view.
  • Signs of a stronger monetary response from the Fed. For the USD to break out of its status as an ideal funding currency for a carry trade, the Fed needs to show stronger signs of gearing up for a decisive exit strategy. This is certainly nowhere in evidence, though the market has begun to price in quite a bit more tightening of policy over the next couple of years than it was just a week ago.
  • Fiscal credibility. The recent news of the largest US banks who were TARP recipients scrambling to repay the TARP funds (Citigroup is the latest trying to do so) is a step in the right direction for fiscal credibility for the US, but the Obama administration and the Fed still have a very long way to indeed after the huge round of handouts and bailouts that have gone into creating this somewhat artificial recovery. Ironically, the interest payments on US debt are actually far smaller than they were a few years ago due to the extremely low interest rates, but if rates rise, so does the burden of interest payments.
As we can see above, the argument for a stronger USD without risk aversion requires a very strong US economy and a Fed that moves quickly on rates. It also requires that growth conditions elsewhere in such a scenario don't accelerate even more rapidly. This is all a bit of a tough sell for more than the short term, so we still prefer to see this as perhaps a market positioning adjustment within the overall weak USD trend. But at least now we have lined up the factors that would help us change our mind.
On the other side of the coin, a strong move in risk aversion would still seem to be the best bet for USD bulls, due to its implications for interest rate spreads and further hurt put on market positioning and the clear historical evidence that unwinding of risk appetite is a direct challenge to any secular carry trade.
JPY and US interest rates
The JPY pushed back a bit after its sharp - even panicky - move to the weak side on Friday as bonds recovered rather strongly today ahead of this week’s Treasury auctions, which include $40 billion of 3-year notes tomorrow, $21 billion of 10-year notes on Wednesday and $13 billion of 30-year bonds on Thursday. The Wednesday and Thursday auctions are particularly interesting after the very sharp moves higher in rates – will investors swarm to snap up the treasuries at higher yields ore. The auctions are likely to help determine whether USDJPY finds support already in the 90.00 area or whether a larger throwback scenario unfolds. 89.07 is the weekly pivot for the pair. Regardless, the pressing question is where to buy, not whether.
Chart: USDCHF
USDCHF has seen an interesting reversal off last week’s lows, a reversal that confirmed divergent stochastic momentum and strongly rejected the recent attempt below parity. We point out USDCHF as opposed to EURUSD because for once, EURCHF seems to be on the move a bit here to the upside after trying at 1.5000, meaning that the USDCHF rally has been more powerful than the EURUSD sell-off. If the CHF weakness has been aided by the SNB, then it could prove very fleeting, but rate spreads certainly suggest there could be more fuel for the rally fire here.

Darling and banker bonuses
Headlines suggest that the UK’s Chancellor Darling is ready to get tough on banker bonuses, and this may have fed into a bit of pound weakness today. But if we delve into the details of Mr. Darling’s statements, there is little meat to the pound bearish implication of what he is saying – on the one hand supporting the idea of taxing bonuses, but also clearly indicating that he is not on a witch-hunt and that he may not even support industry-wide windfall taxes if they would hurt banks’ reserve position. Mr. Darling will supposedly unveil specific deficit reduction measures in a pre-budget statement after having promised dramatic measures to shore up the government’s fiscal credibility.
Looking ahead
Today’s US Consumer Credit data is worth watching. Since the great blowup of 2008, US consumers have tightened their purse strings like never before in the history of this data series. Again, we ask – whither the US recovery when consumers don’t want to spend and are hunkering down to pay off their debts and save for a more uncertain future? On the technical front, we watch the 1.4800/25 zone in EURUSD for the status of this strong move in the USD, with the assumption that we are in strong USD mode as long as we remain below that level.

Risk Appetite Back On Better Than Expected US Labor Market Data - Wakeup Call

With the JPY TWI under severe pressure and both sovereign and corporate CDS prices down, it looks like we could again have a risk-embracing environment, in which the USD strengthens.





What's going on?

Theme Comment
·         Much stronger than expected US labor market data on Friday. So strong, that the negative correlation between the USD and stocks broke down (turned positive). We note that the avg. Weekly Hours was out at 33.2 vs. 33.0 expected. An increase in Weekly Hours is what is usually seen in recoveries, since employers first ask their employees to work longer hours before hiring again.
·         This might be very significant. With the JPY TWI under severe pressure and both sovereign and corporate CDS prices down, it looks like we could again have a risk-embracing environment, in which the USD strengthens.
·         The downtrend in USDJPY might be coming to an end, but we need a couple more days in order to conclude. EURUSD and especially Gold are under pressure.




Calendar

Economic Data Releases

Country
Time (GMT)
Name
Saxo
Consensus
Prior
EC
09:30
Sentix Investor Confidence (DEC)


-7.0
GE
11:00
Factory Orders MoM (OCT)

0.8%
0.9%
 CA
13:30
Building Permits MoM (OCT)

1.0%
1.6%


FX

FX
Daily stance
Comment
EURUSD
0/-
Sell on rallies towards 1.4950 and target 1.4825. Stop above 1.50.
USDJPY
0/+
Buy on dips towards 89.25 and target 90.25. Stop below 88.60.
EURJPY
0/+
Buy on dips towards 132 and target 134. Stop below 131.00.
GBPUSD
0/-
Sell at the break of 1.6423 and target 1.63. Stop above 1.6470.

USDCAD
0/+
Buy at the break of 1.06 and target 1.0750. Stop below 1.0520.


FX Options


FX-Options
Comment
EURUSD
Vols should remain well supported in the front end especially with the market getting

bullish about the dollar after Friday but unlikely to last too long after the FOMC next week.
USDJPY
Gamma looks to be well supported over the FOMC date next week and mid curve is still

seeing decent bids this morning so we do not expect vols to come off too much.
AUDUSD
Vols moved lower from Friday’s post nonfarm numbers. There were noted interest to buy

upside 93-9400 area strikes for 1-2mth area in Asia today.


Equities


Equities
Daily stance
Comment
DAX
0/+
Buy on dips towards 5767 and target 5815. Stop below 5745.
FTSE
0/+
Buy on dips towards 5263 and target 5310. Stop below 5240.
S&P500
0/+
Buy on dips towards 1100 and target 1114. Stop below 1094.
NASDAQ100
0/+

DJIA
0/+



Futures

Commodities
Daily Stance
Comment
Gold
0/-
Sell on rallies towards 1175 and target 1150. Stop above 1186.
Silver
0/-
Sell at the break of 18.10 and target 17.75. Stop above 18.25.
Oil (CLF0)
0/-
Sell on rallies towards 76.30 and target 74.90. Stop above 77.50.

Tuesday, December 1, 2009

How the United States Inflated the World

How the United States Inflated the World
After the United States discarded the gold standard, the dollar remained the world's reserve currency. Trade around the world was still conducted in dollars even though it had depreciated against most currencies. This created havoc. Exporters to the United States received the depreciated dollars for their goods. OPEC (the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries), an exporter of oil to the United States, received less value for each gallon of oil exported. (The dollar fell about 50 percent against other currencies during the 1970s. This varied, depending on the foreign currency, and requires many qualifications.) Since OPEC could buy fewer goods for each gallon of oil sold, it wanted more dollars for the exchange. 


Another example, the trade loop between the United States and Germany, presented a similar problem for Volkswagen. When an American bought a Volkswagen, the dollars wound their way to Volkswagen's headquarters in Germany. (This is a hypothetical case, with no knowledge of how Volkswagen operated.) The automobile manufacturer did not want dollars. It shipped them to the German central bank (the Bundesbank). In return, Volkswagen received deutschmarks at the appropriate exchange rate.

Americans were spending much more abroad than at home. Since dollars in circulation in Europe were rising in relation to deutschmarks spent on good from the United States, cars from abroad cost more: Americans were paying for goods with less valuable dollars. The German government did not want its exporters to suffer. The Bundesbank's dollar-deutschmark transaction with Volkswagen increased the German money supply. This slowed the rise of the deutschmark's value against the dollar, but also increased German domestic inflation. In fact, the excess dollars led to inflation around the world.

This flood of dollars led to price inflation in the 1970s. More recently, the flood of dollars has led to asset inflation, including the worldwide housing bubble.

The Federal Reserve's Inflation Calculation

Arthur Burns [Chairman of the Federal Reserve 1970-1978-ed.]followed the most expeditious route to tame inflation: changing how the measure was calculated. Stephen Roach was a young economist at the Federal Reserve. After oil prices quadrupled, Arthur Burns instructed his staff to calculate a CPI stripped of energy costs. Burns's rationale was the blazing Yom Kippur War, over which the Fed had no control. Why the Federal Reserve's influence should matter in how the rate of consumer price inflation is calculated could be better understood by reading memoirs of the Nixon administration than by studying Arthur Burns's seminal textbook, Measuring Business Cycles.

Roach recalls: "Alas, it didn't turn out to be quite that simple." Burns thought the disappearance of anchovies off the Peruvian coast caused food costs to rise. They too were removed from the price index. Next went used cars, children's toys, jewelry, and housing-about half the costs that consumers absorbed in their daily struggle with rising prices.

Today, three decades after the anchovy shortage, without much ado from the economics guild, the media announces the monthly ex-food, ex-energy CPI, produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. This gently rising CPI-a charade-has compounded at a much lower rate than the true costs paid by Americans. This is one reason the collapse in living standards among the lower half remains a mystery to those who trust government press releases and the media that report them.



The science of economics as applied to national statistics was (and is) more a confiscation of the truth than a midwife to it. Incumbent and future politicians, including future Fed chairman Greenspan, introduced and nurtured such hullabaloo as "hedonics" and the "birth-death rate" in the highly publicized but little understood calculations of economic growth rates and unemployment numbers. The figures were a disgrace, and so were the parties responsible for their introduction and dissemination. Greenspan's turn at the Council of Economic Advisers was to be a screen test for a future role in the charade, a dress rehearsal for his political, acting and dissembling talents, the inestimable qualities needed by a Fed chairman in an economy that was rocketing off its moorings.

In any case, numbers cannot capture inflation, which generally works hand in hand with deterioration.

Regards,
Frederick J. Sheehan