Weekly Commodities Update : Commodity Pessimists Feel the Squeeze as Futures Rally

The dramatic rally in riskier assets continued last week with stocks and commodities rallying hard while bonds sold off. Improved U.S. economic data has given traders enough confidence to believe that a recession is now more or less out of the question. The 23 October EU summit is expected to yield a substantial announcement and European politicians therefore have got less than a week to hammer out a sustainable strategy to finally get the European debt crisis under control.

So far the market has been prepared to believe that a solution is coming and stock markets have responded in a dramatic fashion while the dollar has dropped out of favour, at least for now. The main downside risk now lies with another round of extreme risk aversion, which could spark broad-based liquidation, as in September.

The Reuters Jeffries CRB index is four percent higher over the past week and in just two weeks the index has rallied 8.5 percent from the early October low. Some of the rally can be explained by the dollar - which has slumped by 4 percent during the same time. The agriculture sector which, surprisingly, had seen long exposure being reduced dramatically over the last couple of months, rose the most as traders returned to rebuild long exposure, especially in corn, soybeans and rice.

Speculative positions reduced despite rally
Another reason for the strong rally in commodities over the past week has been due to hedge funds and large investors rebuilding long positions. Recent data (to 11 October) from the CFTC shows that exposure to commodities fell to the lowest level since September 2009. The data was compiled at a stage where the rally was into its second week, showing that speculators had continued to offload positions and most likely would have spent the remainder of the week rebuilding exposure thereby adding to the upside pressure.

Brent crude approaching critical level
The ongoing speculation about a solution to the European debt situation and improved U.S. economic data continued to drive oil markets last week. With the dreaded fear of recession having moved to the backseat investors has been piling back into the black gold.

Brent crude outperformed U.S. WTI crude on a combination of continued tightness in the European markets together with news from Dow Jones UBS that its commodity rebalancing at the beginning of 2012 will support Brent crude. The DJ-UBS is estimated to have around 80 billion dollars of funds tracking the commodity index and they announced that the weighting of WTI will be reduced from 14.7 to 9.7 percent while Brent crude will be added for the first time with a weighting of 5.3 percent. The adjustments to its positions will take place between the fifth and the ninth working day of January and could result in the Brent WTI spread widening back out to its recent record given that many other fund managers will adapt the same strategy.

Technically Brent crude will find tough resistance ahead of 115 dollars per barrel as it seems to have moved ahead of levels that current economic activity can justify. 

Gold slow recovery continues
Investors continued to regain some of the confidence that was lost after the biggest slump in three years. Their return to gold was highlighted in the last week's CFTC data which showed that long exposure to gold was increased for the second week in a row. After having been a clear choice for months its relation to risk has confused many over the last month as gold has moved in line with other riskier assets.

Its strength will be tested soon as we approach resistance around 1,700 dollars per ounce. Gold priced in Euros has traded flat over the past two weeks indicating that much of the new found strength has been down to dollar weakness and on that basis further progress could slow down as the Euro approaches strong resistance at 1.3950 versus the dollar.

Crops rally from oversold situation
Crops like corn, soybeans and rice, were the main performers last week as exports kicked back to life, especially to China, while the United States Department of Agriculture in a report forecast a smaller-than-expected 2011/12 production for corn and soybeans. The price of wheat continues to suffer amid ample supply both in the U.S. and the world. The dramatic fall in prices have led U.S. farmers to hold back some of their production hoping that reduced supply eventually will trigger higher prices.

The latest data from the CFTC showed that investors continued to dump agriculture commodities despite the ongoing recovery, something that will add to the momentum if and once a rally takes hold.